Recent studies reveal that, much like cancer, aging can be driven by specific genes. These gerogenes accelerate the aging process, while gerosuppressive genes work to slow it down. These yin-yang counterparts are involved in all hallmarks of aging. This breakthrough concept opens the door to "precision geromedicine," a targeted approach aimed at extending healthspan and lifespan.
For example, the APOE ε4 gene, beneficial in ancient times for fat storage, now increases the risk of arteriosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease in modern environments. Conversely, the APOE ε2 variant acts as a gerosuppressor, helping to reduce neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's models. Additionally, genes like IGF1, LMNA, and non-coding RNAs play crucial roles in these processes, influencing everything from cellular senescence to DNA repair.
Imagine a future where we can pinpoint and manipulate these genes to promote healthier aging, much like how we now target specific pathways in cancer therapy!
López-Otín, C., A.B. Maier, and G. Kroemer, Gerogenes and gerosuppression: the pillars of precision geromedicine. Cell Research, 2024.
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