Ever wondered why some inflammation resolves naturally while other types lead to chronic disease? It turns out how cells die plays a HUGE role in whether your immune system cools down or stays in overdrive. 🚀🔥
A new study by Bender et al. (2025) in npj Biomedical Innovations highlights how different forms of immune cell death affect inflammation, healing, and aging:
💀 Apoptosis – The "peaceful" programmed cell death that resolves inflammation by allowing macrophages to clear dying cells (efferocytosis). 🕊️
💥 Necrosis – Uncontrolled, messy cell death that triggers inflammation by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). 🆘
🔥 Pyroptosis – A super-inflammatory, immune-activated cell death linked to infections & autoimmune disease. 🚨
🛑 Ferroptosis – Iron-dependent oxidative stress kills cells, linked to neurodegeneration & metabolic disease. 🧠
🕸️ NETosis – Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) fight infections but can also cause autoimmune reactions. 🦠
The kicker?
Chronic immune activation + poor metabolic adaptation = ongoing inflammation & disease. Host tolerance & metabolic resilience (via mitochondrial health, ketone metabolism, fasting, etc.) might be the key to preventing runaway inflammation!
📖 Bender, E. C., Tareq, H. S., & Suggs, L. J. (2025). Inflammation: A matter of immune cell life and death. npj Biomedical Innovations, 2(7). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44385-025-00010-4
#CellDeath #Inflammation #Metabolism #Apoptosis #Ferroptosis #Pyroptosis #NETosis #PrecisionMedicine #ChronicDisease #HealthyAging
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