Iron is crucial for nearly every cell in our bodies. Iron is a powerhouse nutrient that ranges from gene regulation and metabolism to immune function and hormone synthesis!
Key Roles of Iron:
Gene Regulation: Iron is essential for the synthesis of Fe-S clusters that are crucial for DNA replication and repair.
Metabolism and Bioenergetics: Iron-containing enzymes are involved in the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, critical for energy production.
Immune Function: Iron is vital for the proper functioning of immune cells, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity.
Hormone Synthesis: Iron plays a key role in the production of thyroid hormones and other essential hormones.
DNA Replication and Repair: Iron-dependent enzymes help maintain the integrity of our genetic material.
Mitochondrial Health: Iron is necessary for the function of enzymes involved in mitochondrial respiration.
Detoxification Processes: Iron enzymes are involved in detoxifying harmful substances.
Lipid Metabolism: Iron is essential for enzymes that synthesize and break down lipids.
Iron interacts with approximately 400 different proteins within our cells. Yet, iron deficiency remains one of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide, affecting millions and leading to a range of health issues such as chronic fatigue, hair loss, impaired immunity, and reduced metabolic efficiency. Even modest insufficiencies can disrupt these critical functions, potentially leading to long-term health consequences.
Teh, M.R., A.E. Armitage, and H. Drakesmith, Why cells need iron: a compendium of iron utilisation. Trends Endocrinol Metab, 2024.
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