What the New ACC Statement Admits About Heart Disease—and What It Doesn’t Say In 2025, the American College of Cardiology (ACC) released a major Scientific Statement on Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease . It ’s one of the most important updates in years—because for the first time, the ACC openly acknowledges something long observed in clinical practice: Chronic inflammation—not LDL cholesterol—is the strongest predictor of heart attacks and cardiovascular disease progr

What a New Case Report Reveals About Ozone Therapy and Hidden Heart Anatomy A new case report published in Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine  describes a frightening neurological crisis that unfolded minutes after a young woman received an intravenous ozone treatment — a procedure that has become increasingly popular in anti-aging and “immune-boosting” clinics around the world. Ozone therapy is often promoted as a natural, regenerative, or detoxifying intervention. But

New Insights Into Energy Constraints, ERM, and the “Selfish Brain" In everyday life, we think of the brain as a powerful, almost limitless organ—capable of learning, solving problems, and creating our sense of self. But deep inside, the brain is quietly living on the edge of an energy crisis. A new chapter published in Metabolic Neuropsychiatry  (Rae et al., 2025), titled “Brain Energy Constraints and Vulnerability,”  helps explain why the brain is so sensitive to stress, why

In the past decade, “biological age ” has become one of the most talked-about ideas in longevity science. Instead of counting the candles on your birthday cake, scientists are asking: How old is your body, really? Two recent studies—one from The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2025)  and another from Mechanisms of Ageing & Development (2022) —show how far we’ve come in measuring biological age using epigenetic clocks , and also why these clocks still can’t tell you how  to improve

A new study from The Lancet Regional Health – Americas  (2025)  has just delivered one of the clearest messages yet about how we should measure health—not by body weight, not even by BMI, but by what our waist says in proportion to our height. Researchers from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)  followed over 2,700 adults for more than five years. All participants started with a clean slate—no coronary calcium , meaning no detectable signs of ather

Revisiting the physiological and clinical case for optimal vitamin D levels For years, most public-health agencies have treated 20 ng/mL of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] as “sufficient.” Yet a growing body of work—synthesized most comprehensively by endocrinologist Sunil J. Wimalawansa  in Biomedicines  (2023, 11:1542)—argues that true physiological sufficiency begins closer to 50 ng/mL . His review, together with his prior analyses ( Nutrients  2022; 14:2997 and J Ster

An Era of Evidence: The Gut Barrier and Systemic Health A major review published in AJP–Cell Physiology  by Yang-Jensen and colleagues (2025) has put an end to lingering doubts: the intestinal barrier is not a metaphor — it’s a measurable physiological system whose breakdown drives chronic inflammation and metabolic disease . The authors describe the gut as a three-layer defense system  — the mucus , epithelial , and vascular  barriers — each working to keep bacteria, toxins,

A new paper in Cell Metabolism   (Jankowski et al., 2025) has quietly rewritten one of aging biology’s assumptions. Researchers from Princeton used state-of-the-art metabolomics and isotope tracing to follow how nutrients actually flow  through the bodies of aged mice. The surprise? Even though hundreds of metabolite levels changed with age, the major energy fluxes —the rates at which glucose, fats, and amino acids cycle through the bloodstream—remained almost perfectly prese

Last week’s American Heart Association meeting made global headlines: “ Long-term use of melatonin supplements to support sleep may have negative health effects. ” At first glance, that sounds alarming. A natural sleep aid—one our own brain makes—suddenly accused of harming the heart? Let’s look more closely. What the Study Actually Found Researchers analyzed five years of electronic health records from over 130,000 adults diagnosed with insomnia. Those who had documented mel

A New Look at the Stress System A new review by Dr. Melinda Ring from Northwestern University — “An Integrative Approach to HPA Axis Dysfunction: From Recognition to Recovery”  ( The American Journal of Medicine , 2025) — shines much-needed light on a problem millions quietly struggle with: fatigue, sleep disruption, mood swings, and poor stress tolerance that don’t fit neatly into conventional diagnoses. Rather than using the misleading term “adrenal fatigue,” the paper cal

In September 2025, Diabetologia  published a comprehensive review titled “Pharmacological therapies for type 2 diabetes: future approaches”  by Clifford J. Bailey of Aston University. It is, on the surface, an impressive piece — a meticulous summary of every drug class, every molecule, and every new combination that promises better glycaemic control for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Yet buried in its introduction lies a quiet confession: “Despite at least nine differently acting cla

When the first GLP-1 receptor agonists arrived— liraglutide, semaglutide , and their cousins, terzepatide —they were hailed as miracles of modern medicine. They lowered blood sugar, curbed appetite, and delivered impressive weight loss. For millions of people with diabetes or obesity, they offered hope that had long been missing. But as real-world experience and clinical data accumulated, a quieter pattern began to emerge: muscle loss, fatigue, and metabolic slowdown . The ve

A Hidden Story Inside Fat Tissue When most people hear “ cholesterol, ” they think of heart disease. But in a remarkable 2025 study in Science Immunology  by Elkins et al., scientists uncovered a very different story—one in which cholesterol isn’t the villain, but the fuel that powers the immune system’s healing process . Their focus was on a special kind of immune cell called regulatory T cells (Tregs) . These peacekeepers live in many tissues, but a unique population reside

We often think of inflammation as something that happens in our joints or our gut. But new research shows that one of the first places it begins is inside the brain’s metabolic control center—the hypothalamus . A 2025 review in Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders  describes how this small but powerful brain region responds to metabolic overload with its own local stress signal—a subtle, persistent process called hypothalamic microinflammation . It’s the brain’s inter

A breakthrough paper from Princeton redefines how our bodies keep lactate—and energy itself—in check. In March 2025, researchers from Princeton, Penn, and ETH Zurich published a striking study in Cell Metabolism   titled “Lactate homeostasis is maintained through regulation of glycolysis and lipolysis.” Their goal was simple but profound: to understand how our bodies keep blood lactate—one of the busiest molecules in metabolism—within a narrow, safe range. We tend to associat

Most of us know that good sleep and enough water are important. But what if I told you that missing either of these basics doesn’t just make you feel tired or thirsty—it can actually age your body and brain faster ? Two new studies shed light on this hidden cost, and together they reveal something deeper about how our bodies adapt to stress. The Sleep Study: Restless Nights, Older Brains A large study of over 27,000 adults from the UK Biobank  found that people with poor slee

How much energy can a human truly sustain? Not for a sprint, not for a day—but for months on end? A new study published in Current Biology  (Best et al., 2025) finally puts numbers on this question, revealing what might be called the bioenergetic speed limit  of human endurance. And surprisingly, it’s not our muscles that set the limit—it’s our metabolism’s rhythm. What the researchers did Fourteen elite ultra-endurance athletes—ultramarathoners, triathletes, and a long-dista

In 2021, scientists proposed a bold idea: that many chronic diseases may not start with a single nutrient deficiency or genetic flaw, but with a loss of metabolic rhythm  — what they called “disrupted metabolic tempo.” Our metabolism, like an orchestra, depends on timing. Catabolic and anabolic processes must alternate in rhythm — breaking down, rebuilding, resting, and repeating. When this rhythm falters, the mitochondria — our cellular power plants — face a kind of traffic

Imagine your body as a living economy. Every cell is a citizen drawing from a shared pool of energy, nutrients, and oxygen. When resources are scarce, the system must decide: which cells are worth the investment? Nature has already solved this problem through a remarkable process known as cell competition —a quality-control mechanism that ensures tissues remain efficient, adaptive, and resilient. A recent review by Jules Lavalou and colleagues  in Current Opinion in Cell Biol

In a new Nature Metabolism  perspective, neuroscientist Mark P. Mattson  of Johns Hopkins University proposes the Cyclic Metabolic Switching (CMS)  theory of intermittent fasting . His thesis is elegant in its simplicity: The real power of fasting lies not in calorie reduction, but in the rhythmic switching between metabolic stress and recovery. Just as muscles grow stronger when we alternate effort and rest, our cells gain resilience when they regularly cycle between energy